XPath Cheat Sheet 🎮

Hopefully you find these handy!

1. //: Selects all elements that match the following path, regardless of their position in the document.
2. /<tag>: Selects all elements with the specified tag name.
3. [@attribute='value']: Selects all elements that have a specified attribute with a specific value.
4. //<tag>[@attribute='value']: Selects all elements with the specified tag name that have a specified attribute with a specific value.
5. contains(text(),'text'): Selects all elements that contain the specified text.
6. starts-with(@attribute,'value'): Selects all elements that have a specified attribute with a value that starts with the specified text.
7. normalize-space(): Removes leading and trailing white space and collapses all other white space into a single space.
8. parent:: or ..: Selects the parent element of the current element.
9. following-sibling:: or following::: Selects the next sibling element(s) of the current element.
10. preceding-sibling:: or preceding::: Selects the previous sibling element(s) of the current element.

Handy XPath operators

// Select by Contains Text

// Select element containing exact text (case-sensitive)
//*[contains(text(), 'exact text')]

// Select element containing text (case-insensitive)
//*[contains(translate(text(), 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'), 'text')]

// Select element containing text with leading/trailing spaces (case-insensitive)
//*[contains(translate(normalize-space(text()), 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'), 'text')]


// Select by Attribute Value Containing Text

// Select element with attribute value containing text (case-sensitive)
//*[@attributeName[contains(text(), 'exact text')]]

// Select element with attribute value containing text (case-insensitive)
//*[@attributeName[contains(translate(text(), 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'), 'text')]]

// Select element with attribute value containing text with leading/trailing spaces (case-insensitive)
//*[@attributeName[contains(translate(normalize-space(text()), 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'), 'text')]]

Putting it all together🌼

Sure, here are a few examples of using XPath with Selenium in C#:

1. Finding an element by ID:

IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.Id("element-id"));

2. Finding an element by class name:

IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.ClassName("class-name"));

3. Finding an element by name attribute:

IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.Name("name-attribute"));

4. Finding an element by XPath:

IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//tagname[@attribute='value']"));

5. Finding an element by partial text:

IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//tagname[contains(normalize-space(text()), 'partial text')]"));

6. Finding an element by CSS selector:

IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("tagname[attribute='value']"));

Once you have found the element, you can interact with it using various methods such as Click(), SendKeys(), Clear(), GetAttribute(), GetCssValue(), GetText(), and more.

For example, to click on an element you would use:

element.Click();

And to get the text of an element you would use:

string text = element.Text;